Key result
Acute coronary syndromes in young women are rare but are associated with a more severe course, worse early prognosis compared to men of the same age, and a higher likelihood of non-atherosclerotic etiology.
This review highlights that while ACS is rare in young women, it presents with unique risk factors such as hypercoagulable states and carries a worse early prognosis than in young men, necessitating greater clinical vigilance.
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Suggests heightened vigilance for non-atherosclerotic ACS in young women; leaves open prospective studies to guide sex-specific management.
Diseases of the cardiovascular system mainly affect elderly patients, but they are increasingly often encountered in young individuals. It is estimated that 1 in 20 patients with ischemic heart disease is under the age of 45 years. Only 20% of them are women. According to the PL-ACS register, cases of acute coronary syndromes in young women represent 0.6% of all acute coronary syndrome cases. The most common etiology is atherosclerosis (80%). Other causes include dissections and spasms of the coronary arteries as well as clotting disorders. Smoking tobacco is the most important risk factor, followed by hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. The long-term prognosis is usually favorable, but it deteriorates significantly in the event of complications. The literature on this subject is not extensive. Most data come from non-randomized studies of young patients conducted regardless of sex. The purpose of this paper is to present the problem posed by acute coronary syndromes in young women.
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Maciej Bęćkowski (2015) conducted a review in Acute coronary syndromes. Acute coronary syndromes in young women are rare but are associated with a more severe course, worse early prognosis compared to men of the same age, and a higher likelihood of non-atherosclerotic etiology.
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