A Meta-analysis of the Efficacy of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Nursing Applications in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Acute myocardial infarction, also called heart attack is an acute medical emergency with significant morbidity and mortality. Comprehensive rehabilitation nursing is an integrated multidisciplinary team care to enhance the recovery and patients’ outcomes after acute myocardial infarction. This meta-analysis aims to determine the outcome of comprehensive rehabilitation nursing applications in patients with acute myocardial infarction. A systematic search was performed across multiple databases including PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Relevant data was imported through Endnote software and duplicates were removed. Initial screening of titles and abstracts was followed by full text reviews by two independent authors. Studies fulfilling selection criteria were included. The meta-analysis included 21 randomized controlled trials involving 2340 participants (1223 intervention, 1117 control; mean age 54.2–72.0 years; 78.03% male). Comprehensive rehabilitation nursing (CRN) significantly improved functional capacity, with a pooled increase in VO2 peak of 0.97 (95% CI 0.11–1.82, P = 0.03, I2 = 9%) and 6-min walk distance by 46.72 m (95% CI 13.33–80.12, P = 0.006, I2 = 74%). Psychosocial outcomes showed reductions in anxiety (mean difference: − 0.21, 95% CI − 0.36 to − 0.05, P = 0.009, I2 = 43%) and depression scores (− 0.38, 95% CI − 0.69 to − 0.06, P = 0.02, I2 = 76%). CRN showed trends toward improving left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by 3.14% (95% CI − 0.19 to 6.47, P = 0.06, I2 = 68%) and reducing systolic blood pressure by 3.01 mmHg (95% CI − 7.69 to 1.67, P = 0.21, I2 = 83%), though these were not statistically significant. Health-related quality of life improved significantly (mean difference: 0.91, 95% CI 0.30–1.52, P = 0.003, I2 = 95%) This meta-analysis reinforces the efficacy of comprehensive rehabilitation nursing applications in improving outcomes for patients with acute myocardial infarction.