Key result
Black patients with Takotsubo syndrome experience ~36% higher inpatient mortality than White patients, particularly Black men.
Why the study?
Data on race-related differences in the clinical outcomes of Takotsubo syndrome are limited, particularly for Black patients, prompting evaluation of the impact of race and sex on inpatient mortality.
Does Black race impact inpatient mortality and in-hospital complications in patients with Takotsubo syndrome compared to White race?
Observational (n=4,628)
Yes
Does Black race impact inpatient mortality and in-hospital complications in patients with Takotsubo syndrome compared to White race?
Black patients, particularly Black men, with Takotsubo syndrome experience significantly higher rates of in-hospital complications and inpatient mortality compared to White patients.
May warrant heightened vigilance for Black patients with Takotsubo; hypothesis-generating for prospective equity studies.
BACKGROUND: Data on race-related differences in the clinical outcomes of Takotsubo syndrome are limited, particularly for Black patients. This study aimed to assess whether race and sex may have an additional impact on the inpatient mortality of patients with Takotsubo syndrome. METHODS: A total of 4,628 patients from the United States' National Inpatient Sample from 2012 to 2016 were identified; propensity score analysis revealed a similar propensity score between Black patients (n = 2,314) and White patients (n = 2,314), which was used to balance observed covariates. Sex and age distributions were identical between the 2 groups. The groups were also similar in baseline characteristics, including cardiovascular risk factors. White patients were compared with Black patients on in-hospital outcomes and inpatient mortality. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to measure the difference in mortality based on race and sex. RESULTS: Compared with White patients, Black patients had a higher percentage of in-hospital complications, including cerebrovascular accidents (4.9% vs 2.5%, P ≤ .01), acute kidney injury (25% vs 19%, P ≤ .01); longer lengths of stay (8 vs 7 days, P ≤ .01); and higher inpatient mortality (6.1% vs 4.5%, P < .01). When analysis was conducted with race and sex combined, inpatient mortality was higher among Black men than among White women (odds ratio, 2.7 [95% CI, 1.80-3.95]; P ≤ .01). CONCLUSION: This study showed that Black patients with Takotsubo syndrome have higher in-hospital complications and inpatient mortality rates. When race and sex were combined, inpatient mortality was significantly higher among Black men than among either White men and women or Black women.
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Vriz et al. (2023) conducted an observational in Takotsubo syndrome (n=4,628). Black race vs. White race was evaluated on Inpatient mortality (p=<0.01). Black patients with Takotsubo syndrome experienced higher inpatient mortality than White patients (6.1% vs 4.5%; P<0.01), with Black men having the highest mortality risk.
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