As many managers have discovered, total quality management (TQM) efforts often end with disappointing results. By comparing typical TQM programs with the general pattern in over 150 successful oqanizational turnarounds, this article explains why TQM is not a cure‐all and why typical TQM implementation strategies have limited impact, and it offers a more appropriate perspective within which to consider the use of TQM.
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Loyd Eskildson (1995) studied this question.