Key result
Concurrent aerobic and resistance training reduces PWV by ~0.66 m/s versus controls in type 2 diabetes.
Why the study?
The impacts of concurrent aerobic and resistance training on vascular structure and function in patients with type 2 diabetes remained to be determined.
Does concurrent aerobic and resistance training improve vascular structure and function in patients with type 2 diabetes?
Meta-Analysis (n=361)
Does concurrent aerobic and resistance training improve vascular structure and function in patients with type 2 diabetes?
Concurrent aerobic and resistance training improves endothelial function and arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes but may exacerbate vascular smooth muscle dysfunction.
Supports concurrent training for vascular function in type 2 diabetes; extends RCT evidence on endothelial and stiffness benefits.
Objective: To determine the impacts of concurrent aerobic and resistance training on vascular structure (IMT) and function (PWV, FMD, NMD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched for articles on "type 2 diabetes" and "concurrent training" published from inception to August 2, 2022. We included randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of concurrent training versus passive controls on IMT, PWV, FMD and NMD in T2D. Results: Ten studies were eligible, including a total of 361 participants. For IMT, concurrent training showed a slight decrease by 0.05 mm (95% CI -0.11 to 0.01, p > 0.05). concurrent training induced an overall significant improvement in FMD by 1.47% (95% CI 0.15 to 2.79, p < 0.05) and PWV by 0.66 m/s (95% CI -0.89 to -0.43, p < 0.01) in type 2 diabetics. However, concurrent training seemed to exaggerate the impaired NMD (WMD = -2.30%, 95% CI -4.02 to -0.58, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Concurrent training is an effective method to improve endothelial function and artery stiffness in T2D. However, within 24 weeks concurrent training exacerbates vascular smooth muscle dysfunction. More research is needed to explore whether longer and/or higher-intensity concurrent training interventions could enhance the vascular structure and smooth muscle function in this population. Systematic review registration: www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022350604.
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Chen et al. (2023) conducted a meta-analysis in Type 2 diabetes (n=361). Concurrent aerobic and resistance training vs. Passive control was evaluated on Pulse wave velocity (PWV) (WMD -0.66 m/s, 95% CI -0.89 to -0.43, p=<0.001). Concurrent aerobic and resistance training significantly reduced pulse wave velocity by 0.66 m/s and improved flow-mediated dilation by 1.49% compared to passive controls in type 2 diabetes.
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