Single particle-induced latchup

This paper presents an up-to-date overview of the single-event latchup (SEL) hard failure mode encountered in electronic device applications involving heavy ion environment. This phenomenon is specific to CMOS technology. Single-event latchup is discussed after a short description of the effects induced by the interaction of a heavy ion with silicon. Understanding these effects is necessary to understand the different failures. This paper includes a description of the latchup phenomenon and the different triggering modes, reviews of models and hardening solutions, and finally presents new developments in simulation approaches.