Key result
Optimized 3D gradient echo sequences reduced signal void volumes by at least a factor of four compared to ASTM reference sequences for active cardiac implants at 3.0T.
Why the study?
Although 3.0T CMR is possible with MRI conditional active cardiac implants, the artifact burden caused by susceptibility effects remains an obstacle.
Does the use of optimized 3D gradient echo and 2D turbo spin echo sequences reduce susceptibility-induced signal voids caused by active cardiac implants at 3.0T CMR compared to ASTM reference sequences?
Does the use of optimized 3D gradient echo and 2D turbo spin echo sequences reduce susceptibility-induced signal voids caused by active cardiac implants at 3.0T CMR compared to ASTM reference sequences?
Optimized 3D gradient echo and 2D turbo spin echo sequences significantly reduce the volume of susceptibility-induced signal voids from active cardiac implants at 3.0T CMR compared to standard ASTM sequences, allowing better evaluation of artifact shape and size.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May improve per-implant imaging at 3T; leaves open prospective clinical validation.
Recent technical advancements allow cardiac MRI (CMR) examinations in the presence of so-called MRI conditional active cardiac implants at 3.0T. However, the artifact burden caused by susceptibility effects remain an obstacle. All measurements were obtained at a clinical 3.0T scanner using an in-house designed cubic phantom and optimized sequences for artifact evaluation (3D gradient echo sequence, multi-slice 2D turbo spin echo sequence), as well as reference sequences according to the ASTM were applied. Four representative active cardiac devices and a generic setup were analysed regarding volume and shape of the signal void. For analysis, a threshold operation applied to the grey value profle of each data data set was used. The presented approach allows the evaluation of signal void and shape even for larger implants such as ICDs. The void shape is influenced by the orientation of the B0-field and the chosen sequence type, as well as the distribution of magnetic material within the implants. The void volume depends both on the device itself, and the sequence type. Disturbances in the B0 and B1 fields exceed the visual signal void. This work presents a reproducible and highly defined approach towards characterising both signal void artifacts at 3.0T and their influencing factors.
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Reiter et al. (2021) studied Active cardiac implants (phantom study). Optimized 3D gradient echo and 2D turbo spin echo sequences vs. ASTM reference sequences was evaluated on Signal void volume and shape. Optimized 3D gradient echo sequences reduced signal void volumes by at least a factor of four compared to ASTM reference sequences for active cardiac implants at 3.0T.
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