Key result
Pregnancy-induced hypertension was associated with greater left atrial diameter and impaired diastolic function, which partially recovered within 2 months postpartum.
Why the study?
Does parturition improve echocardiographic cardiac morphological and functional changes in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to normal pregnant women?
Observational (n=56)
Does parturition improve echocardiographic cardiac morphological and functional changes in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to normal pregnant women?
Pregnancy-induced hypertension is associated with significant echocardiographic changes, including left atrial and ventricular enlargement and impaired diastolic function, which largely resolve within 2 months postpartum.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports postpartum monitoring in pregnancy-induced hypertension; leaves open long-term cardiovascular implications.
PURPOSE: To investigate the cardiac morphological and functional changes by echocardiography, before and after parturition in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). METHODS: The parameters related to cardiac morphology and left ventricular diastolic and systolic functions were compared before and after parturition in 32 patients with PIH and 24 normal pregnant (NP) women. RESULTS: Compared with NP women, the PIH patients had greater diameters of left atrium and left ventricle in end-diastole (LAd: 38.9 +/- 4.5 vs 34.6 +/- 4.4 mm, P = 0.0015; LVEDd: 51.2 +/- 5.8 vs 47.1 +/- 4.2 mm, P = 0.036) and lower E/A (1.2 +/- 0.2 vs 1.4 +/- 0.2, P = 0.009) and greater fractional shortening (FS) (39.8 +/- 6.5% vs 37.1 +/- 6.9%, P = 0.042) and ejection fraction (EF) (0.72 +/- 0.07 vs 0.66 +/- 0.08, P = 0.040). Pericardial effusion (PE) occurred in 31.3% and 16.7% of PIH and NP, respectively. The LAd and LVEDd in 70% and 47% patients with PIH resolved and PE disappeared in 80% of PIH patients postpartum. E/A ratio in PIH significantly increased after parturition, while the two patients with cardiac systolic dysfunction did not improve very much. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with normal pregnancy, the most significant cardiac morphological changes in PIH are the greater diameters of left atrium and left ventricle, thicker inter-ventricular septum (IVS), more PE, impaired left ventricular diastolic function, and increased systolic function. The PE could disappear in PIH and about half of other abnormalities could recover to be the level of normal pregnancy postpartum within 2 months.
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Yuan et al. (2006) conducted an observational in Pregnancy-induced hypertension (n=56). Pregnancy-induced hypertension vs. Normal pregnancy was evaluated on Left atrial diameter in end-diastole (LAd) (p=0.0015). Pregnancy-induced hypertension was associated with greater left atrial diameter and impaired diastolic function, which partially recovered within 2 months postpartum.
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