Key result
Mental stress increased energy expenditure by 20% and glucose utilization by 34% in lean women, but glucose uptake and vasodilation responses were blunted in obese women.
Why the study?
Does mental stress alter insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and hemodynamics differently in lean versus obese women?
Does mental stress alter insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and hemodynamics differently in lean versus obese women?
Mental stress stimulates glucose uptake and produces vasodilation via beta-adrenoceptor activation in lean women, but these physiological responses are blunted in obese women.
Obesity blunts mental stress-induced glucose uptake and vasodilation; hypothesis-generating for differential insulin sensitivity effects, needs prospective confirmation.
The effects of the sympathetic activation elicited by a mental stress on insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure (VO(2)) were studied in 11 lean and 8 obese women during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Six lean women were restudied under nonselective beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol to determine the role of beta-adrenoceptors in the metabolic response to mental stress. In lean women, mental stress increased VO(2) by 20%, whole body glucose utilization ([6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose) by 34%, and cardiac index (thoracic bioimpedance) by 25%, whereas systemic vascular resistance decreased by 24%. In obese women, mental stress increased energy expenditure as in lean subjects, but it neither stimulated glucose uptake nor decreased systemic vascular resistance. In the six lean women who were restudied under propranolol, the rise in VO(2), glucose uptake, and cardiac output and the decrease in systemic vascular resistance during mental stress were all abolished. It is concluded that 1) in lean subjects, mental stress stimulates glucose uptake and energy expenditure and produces vasodilation; activation of beta-adrenoceptors is involved in these responses; and 2) in obese patients, the effects of mental stress on glucose uptake and systemic vascular resistance, but not on energy expenditure, are blunted.
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Seematter et al. (2000) studied Obesity (n=19). Mental stress vs. Baseline / Obese vs Lean was evaluated on Insulin sensitivity (glucose utilization) and energy expenditure (VO2). Mental stress increased energy expenditure by 20% and glucose utilization by 34% in lean women, but glucose uptake and vasodilation responses were blunted in obese women.
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