Dysregulation of the Autonomic Nervous System Can Be a Link between Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance
Key result
Visceral abdominal fat was strongly negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity (r = -0.93, p < 0.001) and positively associated with resting heart rate (r = 0.70, p = 0.003).
Why the study?
Is visceral adiposity associated with insulin resistance and autonomic nervous system dysregulation in subjects with and without a family history of type 2 diabetes?
Population
30 subjects, comprising 15 first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes and 15 age-, sex-, and…
Comparison
First-degree relatives of patients with type 2… vs Age-, sex-, and BMI-matched controls with no…
Design
Case-control
Authors
Discussion
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Implication
Supports visceral fat assessment in metabolic evaluation; leaves open causality and intervention targets pending prospective data.
Study Design
Type
Case-Control (n=30)
Structured PICO
Is visceral adiposity associated with insulin resistance and autonomic nervous system dysregulation in subjects with and without a family history of type 2 diabetes?
P
Population
30 subjects, comprising 15 first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes and 15 age-, sex-, and BMI-matched controls.
E
Exposure
First-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes (genetic predisposition)
C
Comparator
Age-, sex-, and BMI-matched controls with no family history of diabetes
O
Outcome
Interplay among abdominal adipose tissue distribution, cortisol axis, autonomic nervous system (heart rate variability), and insulin resistance (M value from hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp)surrogate
Main Result
Absolute Event Rate: 9.2% vs 10.3%
p-value: p=not significant
Visceral adiposity is strongly associated with insulin resistance and autonomic imbalance (high sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio), suggesting a mechanistic link that may be partly independent of genetic background.
Cite This Study
Lindmark et al. (2005) conducted a case-control in Insulin resistance risk (n=30). Family history of type 2 diabetes vs. No family history of diabetes was evaluated on Insulin sensitivity (M value) (p=not significant). Visceral abdominal fat was strongly negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity (r = -0.93, p < 0.001) and positively associated with resting heart rate (r = 0.70, p = 0.003).