Key result
Short-term ligature-induced periodontitis significantly lowered mean arterial pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats compared to sham-operated controls (152 vs 171 mmHg) and increased myocardial inflammation.
Why the study?
It was unknown whether periodontal disease can alter arterial pressure variability and heart rate variability in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats.
Does ligature-induced periodontitis alter cardiovascular variability and inflammatory response in spontaneously hypertensive rats?
Does ligature-induced periodontitis alter cardiovascular variability and inflammatory response in spontaneously hypertensive rats?
Short-term periodontitis in spontaneously hypertensive rats paradoxically lowers arterial pressure, likely due to increased nitric oxide, while inducing myocardial inflammation without altering cardiovascular autonomic variability.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Paradoxical BP effects with myocardial inflammation in hypertensive rats; hypothesis-generating and leaves open human cardiovascular relevance.
BACKGROUND: We previously reported that periodontal disease (PD) induces high arterial pressure variability (APV) consistent with sympathetic overactivity and elicits myocardial inflammation in Balb/c mice. However, it is unknown whether PD can change APV and heart rate variability (HRV) in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. This study aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic level, HRV, and APV associating with myocardial inflammation and plasma concentrations of oxide nitric (NO) in SHR and WKY rats with PD. METHODS: Three weeks after bilateral ligation of the first mandibular molar, or Sham operation, the rats received catheters into the femoral artery and had their arterial pressure (AP) recorded the following day. Subsequently, plasma, heart, and jaw were collected. The NO was quantified by the chemiluminescence method in plasma, and the myocardial IL-1β concentrations were evaluated by ELISA. In the jaw was evaluated linear alveolar bone loss induced by PD. RESULTS: The linear alveolar bone loss in jaws of SHR with PD was higher than in all other groups. AP and heart rate were higher in SHR than in their WKY counterparts. SHR with PD showed lower AP than control SHR. HRV and APV were different between SHR and WKY rats; however, no differences in these parameters were found between the animals with PD and their control counterparts. Plasma NO and myocardial IL-1β concentrations were higher in SHR with PD as compared to control WKY. A significant correlation was found between linear alveolar bone loss and plasma NO and myocardial IL-1β concentrations. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that short-term PD lowered the AP in SHR, which might be due to the higher levels of plasma NO. Even though PD did not affect either HRV or APV, it did induce myocardial inflammation, which can determine cardiovascular dysfunction in long-term PD.
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Ribeiro et al. (2021) studied Hypertension and Periodontitis (n=30). Ligature-induced periodontitis vs. Sham operation was evaluated on Mean arterial pressure (MAP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (p=<0.05). Short-term ligature-induced periodontitis significantly lowered mean arterial pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats compared to sham-operated controls (152 vs 171 mmHg) and increased myocardial inflammation.
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