Key result
Antihypertensive drug use without a healthy lifestyle was associated with a higher risk of heart failure than a healthy lifestyle without drugs in hypertensive patients (HR 1.75; 95% CI 1.39-2.21).
Why the study?
Does engaging in a healthy lifestyle reduce the risk of heart failure compared to antihypertensive drug treatment alone in adults?
Cohort (n=38,075)
Does engaging in a healthy lifestyle reduce the risk of heart failure compared to antihypertensive drug treatment alone in adults?
Hazard Ratio: 1.75 (95% CI 1.39–2.21)
Engaging in a healthy lifestyle is associated with a lower risk of incident heart failure among hypertensive patients, emphasizing the critical role of lifestyle modifications beyond pharmacological therapy.
May support prioritizing lifestyle over drugs alone to lower HF risk in hypertension; hypothesis-generating and requires RCT confirmation.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the association between antihypertensive drug treatment and heart failure (HF) risk with the association between engaging in a healthy lifestyle and HF risk. METHODS: We prospectively investigated the single and joint associations of lifestyle factors and awareness, treatment, blood pressure control status with HF risk among 38 075 Finns, who were 25-74 years old and free of HF at baseline. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 14.1 years, 638 men and 445 women developed HF. Engaging in a healthy lifestyle was associated with an decreased risk of HF. Compared with normotensive people, hypertensive patients with and without antihypertensive treatment had a higher risk of HF. Hypertensive patients who used antihypertensive drugs but did not engage in a healthy lifestyle had a significantly higher risk of HF [HR 1.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39-2.21] than hypertensive patients who did not use antihypertensive drugs but engaged in a healthy lifestyle. In addition, compared with hypertensive patients who used antihypertensive drugs and engaged in a healthy lifestyle, hypertensive patients who did not use antihypertensive drug or engage in a healthy lifestyle had a significantly higher risk of HF (HR 1.55; 95% CI 1.24-1.95). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that HF risk was lower in hypertensive patients who engaged in a healthy lifestyle but higher in hypertensive people using antihypertensive drug treatment.
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Wang et al. (2013) conducted a cohort in Hypertension and Heart Failure Risk (n=38,075). Antihypertensive drug treatment without a healthy lifestyle vs. Healthy lifestyle without antihypertensive drug treatment was evaluated on Heart failure (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.39-2.21). Antihypertensive drug use without a healthy lifestyle was associated with a higher risk of heart failure than a healthy lifestyle without drugs in hypertensive patients (HR 1.75; 95% CI 1.39-2.21).
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