Dipyridamole echocardiographic test performed 3 days after an acute myocardial infarction: feasibility, tolerability, safety and in-hospital prognostic value

In recent years, increasing evidence has pointed to the potential of dipyridamole stress echocardiography as a fast, effective, inexpensive method of risk stratification after an acute myocardial infarction. A very early stratification by this test could improve the patient's management and reduce the duration of in-hospital stay, and, thus, the costs. Two-hundred and fifty-one consecutive patients (208 male, age 58 ± 11) with a two-dimensional echocardiogram of good technical quality underwent a dipyridamole echocardiographic test (DET) 70 ±6 h after an acute myocardial infarction. Criterion for positivity was the identification of a transient regional asynergy that was absent or of a lower degree in the baseline examination. Positivity was defined as ‘at low-dose’ or ‘at high- dose’ if the asynergy was detected before or after the 8th min of a drug infusion. All tests were performed without any major side effects. DET was positive in 149 (59%) and negative in 102 (41%) patients. During the hospital stay, cardiac events (death, reinfarction, angina) occurred in 521251 patients: in 491149 with a positive and in 31102 with a negative test (sensitivity 94%, negative predictive value 97%, P<000001). Severe events (death and reinfarction) occurred in 14/251: in 121149 with a positive DET and in 21102 with a negative DET (sensitivity 86%; negative predictive value: 98%; V<0.05). Moreover, cardiac events occurred in 28165 patients with a low-dose positive DET, in 21184 with a high-dose positive DET and in 31102 with a negative DET (low-dose positive vs negative DET: P<0 00001, and vs high-dose positive DET: P<002; high-dose positive vs negative DET: P<000001). Hence, DET performed 3 days after acute myocardial infarction is feasible, well tolerated and safe, and allows early stratification of patients with different degrees of risk of in-hospital cardiac events.