Key result
High-risk coronary CTA plaque features linked to a ~23-fold higher risk of subsequent ACS.
Why the study?
Does the presence of positive vessel remodeling and low-attenuation plaques on CT angiography predict the development of acute coronary syndrome in patients undergoing CT angiography?
Cohort (n=1,059)
Does the presence of positive vessel remodeling and low-attenuation plaques on CT angiography predict the development of acute coronary syndrome in patients undergoing CT angiography?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
The presence of positive vessel remodeling and low-attenuation plaques on CT angiography strongly predicts the subsequent development of acute coronary syndrome.
OBJECTIVES: In a computed tomographic (CT) angiography study, we identified the characteristics of atherosclerotic lesions that were associated with subsequent development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). BACKGROUND: The CT characteristics of culprit lesions in ACS include positive vessel remodeling (PR) and low-attenuation plaques (LAP). These 2 features have been observed in the lesions that have already resulted in ACS, but their prospective relation to ACS has not been previously described. METHODS: In 1,059 patients who underwent CT angiography, atherosclerotic lesions were analyzed for the presence of 2 features: PR and LAP. The remodeling index, and plaque and LAP areas and volumes were calculated. The plaque characteristics of lesions resulting in ACS during the follow-up of 27 +/- 10 months were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 45 patients showing plaques with both PR and LAP (2-feature positive plaques), ACS developed in 10 (22.2%), compared with 1 (3.7%) of the 27 patients with plaques displaying either feature (1-feature positive plaques). In only 4 (0.5%) of the 820 patients with neither PR nor LAP (2-feature negative plaques) did ACS develop. None of the 167 patients with normal angiograms had acute coronary events (p < 0.001). ACS was independently predicted by PR and/or LAP (hazard ratio: 22.8, 95% confidence interval: 6.9 to 75.2, p < 0.001). Among 2- or 1-feature positive segments, those resulting in ACS demonstrated significantly larger remodeling index (126.7 +/- 3.9% vs. 113.4 +/- 1.6%, p = 0.003), plaque volume (134.9 +/- 14.1 mm(3) vs. 57.8 +/- 5.7 mm(3), p < 0.001), LAP volume (20.4 +/- 3.4 mm(3) vs. 1.1 +/- 1.4 mm(3), p < 0.001), and percent LAP/total plaque area (21.4 +/- 3.7 mm(2) vs. 7.7 +/- 1.5 mm(2), p = 0.001) compared with segments not resulting in ACS. CONCLUSIONS: The patients demonstrating positively remodeled coronary segments with low-attenuation plaques on CT angiography were at a higher risk of ACS developing over time when compared with patients having lesions without these characteristics.
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Motoyama et al. (2009) conducted a cohort in Atherosclerotic plaques / Acute Coronary Syndrome (n=1,059). Positive vessel remodeling (PR) and/or low-attenuation plaques (LAP) vs. Plaques with neither PR nor LAP was evaluated on Development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (HR 22.8, 95% CI 6.9 to 75.2, p=< 0.001). Positive vessel remodeling and/or low-attenuation plaques on CT angiography independently predicted the subsequent development of acute coronary syndrome (HR 22.8; 95% CI 6.9-75.2; p<0.001).
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