The Patterns of Left Ventricular Alteration by Adipose Tissue Distribution: Implication for Heart Failure Prevention

Figures

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  Figure 1. Study flow chart.

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  Figure 2. Trends in left ventricular structure and function according to the quartiles of BMI and WC. There was a trend in increasing LVEDV, SV, LVM, LVMV ratio, left atrial volume, and septal E/e' ratio with increasing BMI and WC; and there was a trend in decreasing septal e' velocity with increasing WC. No significant trend in LVEF and septal S' velocity with increasing BMI and WC. BMI: the first quartile (20.8 ± 1.6 kg/m2, n = 243), the second quartile (23.9 ± 0.6 kg/m2, n = 242), the third quartile (26.2 ± 0.80 kg/m2, n = 242), and the fourth quartile (30.1 ± 2.7 kg/m2, n = 244). WC: the first quartile (78.1 ± 4.7 cm, n = 237), the second quartile (86.8 ± 1.7 cm, n = 238), the third quartile (92.3 ± 1.9 cm, n = 244), and the fourth quartile (102 ± 5.4 cm, n = 252). BMI, body mass index; LVEDV, left ventricular end‐diastolic volume; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVM, left ventricular mass; LVMV, left ventricular mass‐to‐volume; SV, stroke volume; WC, waist circumference.

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  Figure 3. Correlation between body mass index and waist circumference with metabolic factors and blood pressure. (A) Body mass index was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, and diastolic blood pressure, while negatively correlated with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. (B) Waist circumference was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, and diastolic blood pressure, while negatively correlated with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol.