Exploration of the efficacy and multivariate analysis of 5G remote rehabilitation intervention based on peer education model for patients after coronary intervention

This study aims to investigate the effects of a peer education-based model utilizing 5G remote rehabilitation guidance with wearable smart devices on patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), along with the influence of various cross-factors. A total of 174 patients who underwent PCI between July 2024 and July 2025 were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 87) and a 5G group (n = 87), both receiving 12 months of follow-up. The control group received phase I and II cardiac rehabilitation, personalized exercise plans, and routine follow-up. In addition to this, the 5G group received remote rehabilitation guided by wearable devices. Clinical indicators, cardiopulmonary exercise capacity, psychological status, and the impact of different variables on the risk of adverse cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups. Overall adherence in this study was 87.88% from baseline to the end of the 12-month follow-up. Thecontrol group showed improvements in both LDL-C and LVEF levels post-intervention (P K 0.05). Furthermore, patients receiving 5G intervention demonstrated significant improvements in TC andLVEF ( P < 0.01). Changes in VO2 peak and METs were also significantly greater in the 5G groupcompared to the control group (VO2 peak: d = 0.61, P < 0.001; METs: d = 0.78, P < 0.001). Additionally, the improvement in VO2AT after 5G intervention was significantly superior to that ofconventional intervention (d = 0.22, P = 0.035). Both groups exhibited a significant decrease inGAD-7 scores post-intervention (control group: A = -2.69, P < 0.001; 5G group: A = − 2.99,P K 0.001), with the 5G group showing a greater degree of GAD-7 improvement. For PSQl, the controlgroup showed no significant change post-intervention (A = − 0.96, P = 0.176), while the 5G groupexhibited a significant reduction in PSQl scores (A = − 3.58, P < 0.001). The 5G group also revealedassociations between age, urban resident basic medical insurance, and cardiac function classificationwith the incidence of adverse events ( P < 0.01). Negative binomial regression analysis indicated thatyounger patients and those with better cardiac function had a lower risk of adverse events, and thisprotective effect was more pronounced in the 5G intervention group. Low body weight significantlyincreased the risk of adverse events, and male sex in the 5G intervention group, male gender and smoking were significantly associated with the occurrence of adverse events ( P < 0.05). The 5G remote personalized exercise rehabilitation intervention based on peer education effectively improves cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients post-PCI and helps prevent adverse events. This study provides a theoretical basis for the rehabilitation intervention and management of coronary heart disease patients after PCI.