Key result
Anthracyclines and tyrosine kinase inhibitors promote cardiac arrhythmias via kinase inhibition and oxidative stress.
Why the study?
Advances in cancer therapeutics have improved survival but at the expense of cardiotoxicity including arrhythmia, requiring elucidation of underlying mechanisms.
Understanding the off-target mechanisms of cancer therapy-induced arrhythmias is crucial for designing safer oncological treatments.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Alerts clinicians to arrhythmia risk with anthracyclines or TKIs; leaves optimal monitoring and prevention strategies open for prospective trials.
BACKGROUND: Advances in cancer therapeutics have improved overall survival and prognosis in this patient population; however, this has come at the expense of cardiotoxicity including arrhythmia. SUMMARY: Cancer and its therapies are associated with cardiotoxicity via several mechanisms including inflammation, cardiomyopathy, and off-target effects. Among cancer therapies, anthracyclines and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are particularly known for their pro-arrhythmia effects. In addition to cardiomyopathy, anthracyclines may be pro-arrhythmogenic via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and altered calcium handling. TKIs may mediate their cardiotoxicity via inhibition of off-target tyrosine kinases. Ibrutinib-mediated inhibition of CSK may be responsible for the increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation. Further investigation is warranted to further elucidate the mechanisms behind arrhythmias in cancer therapies. KEY MESSAGES: Arrhythmias are a common cardiotoxicity of cancer therapies. Cancer therapies may induce arrhythmias via off-target effects. Understanding the mechanisms underlying arrhythmogenesis associated with cancer therapies may help design cancer therapies that can avoid these toxicities.
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Leiva et al. (2023) conducted a review in Cancer therapy-induced arrhythmias. Cancer therapies was evaluated. Cancer therapies, particularly anthracyclines and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, can induce cardiac arrhythmias through off-target kinase inhibition and reactive oxygen species generation.
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