Key result
Human rhinovirus species C strains exhibited high evolutionary rates of 1.35 to 3.74 x 10^-3 substitutions/site/year and date back 400 to 900 years, suggesting a long history.
Observational (n=139)
Yes
HRV-C has an old evolutionary history and unique antigenicity with highly variable exterior surfaces rich in loops.
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HRV-C antigenic variability may complicate vaccine design; leaves open translational relevance for respiratory virus research.
Kuroda et al. (2015) conducted an observational in Acute respiratory illness (Human rhinovirus species C) (n=139). Human rhinovirus species C (HRV-C) VP1, VP2, and VP3 genes was evaluated on Evolutionary rate and time-scale evolution (tMRCA). Human rhinovirus species C strains exhibited high evolutionary rates of 1.35 to 3.74 x 10^-3 substitutions/site/year and date back 400 to 900 years, suggesting a long history.
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