Key result
Variants in MTHFR, ACE, and TCF7L2 are linked to insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome.
Why the study?
Metabolic syndrome cases are increasing among young people, and genetic mutations in complex conditions like insulin resistance and dyslipidemia may play an important regulatory role.
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Genetic variants in key metabolic genes (MTHFR, ACE, CSK, TCF7L2, ADRA2B) predispose individuals to insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, perpetuating a vicious cycle in metabolic syndrome progression.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Highlights potential genetic contributors to metabolic syndrome; leaves open whether genotyping informs clinical risk assessment or management.
Currently, there is an alarming trend – the growth of metabolic syndrome cases among the young population. The peculiarity of metabolic syndrome in young people is early atherogenic disorders. Many of the components of metabolic syndrome (obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia) have a genetic predisposition. Insulin resistance is a complex condition with heterogeneous molecular mechanisms. Genetic mutations can play an important role, leading to disorders in various aspects of cellular metabolism and regulation. The objective of the review was to analyze the literature on the association of common variants in the MTHFR, ACE, CSK, TCF7L2, and ADRA2B genes with lipid metabolism disorders and insulin resistance in the context of metabolic syndrome. Material and methods. The databases eLIBRARY.ru and PubMed were analysed using the following keywords: metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), Src C-terminal kinase, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and alpha-2B adrenergic receptor, covering publications from 1996 to 2025. A total of 512 clinical and experimental articles were analyzed. After excluding articles that reflected clinical cases and pharmacological studies, 76 articles that met the objective of the study were selected. Conclusion. The MTHFR, ACE, CSK, TCF7L2 and ADRA2B genes play an important role in regulating metabolic processes. Their various forms can have a significant impact on the development of insulin resistance, which is one of the main causes of dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome. Lipid metabolism disorders in obesity, in turn, affect the formation of insulin resistance, thereby maintaining a vicious circle in the progression of metabolic disorders.
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Корнеева et al. (2025) conducted a review in Metabolic syndrome. Variants in MTHFR, ACE, CSK, TCF7L2, and ADRA2B genes vs. Non-carrier/wild-type genotypes was evaluated on Association with insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders. Various forms of the MTHFR, ACE, CSK, TCF7L2, and ADRA2B genes play a significant role in the development of insulin resistance and subsequent dyslipidemia in metabolic syndrome.
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