Key result
Rotavirus vaccination reduced all-cause acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations by a median of 38% and rotavirus-specific hospitalizations and emergency visits by 67% among children <5 years of age.
Why the study?
Does rotavirus vaccination reduce hospitalizations and deaths from rotavirus and all-cause acute gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age?
Systematic Review
Yes
Does rotavirus vaccination reduce hospitalizations and deaths from rotavirus and all-cause acute gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age?
Effect estimate: 38% median reduction in all-cause AGE hospitalizations; 67% median reduction in rotavirus AGE hospitalizations/ED visits
Implementation of rotavirus vaccines has substantially decreased hospitalizations from rotavirus and all-cause acute gastroenteritis globally across countries with varying child mortality rates.
Observational data support rotavirus vaccine reductions in AGE hospitalizations; extends evidence to high-mortality countries but leaves open causal confirmation.
In 2006, 2 rotavirus vaccines were licensed. We summarize the impact of rotavirus vaccination on hospitalizations and deaths from rotavirus and all-cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE) during the first 10 years since vaccine licensure, including recent evidence from countries with high child mortality. We used standardized guidelines (PRISMA) to identify observational evaluations of rotavirus vaccine impact among children <5 years of age that presented at least 12 months of pre- and post-vaccine introduction surveillance data. We identified 57 articles from 27 countries. Among children <5 years of age, the median percentage reduction in AGE hospitalizations was 38% overall and 41%, 30%, and 46% in countries with low, medium, and high child mortality, respectively. Hospitalizations and emergency department visits due to rotavirus AGE were reduced by a median of 67% overall and 71%, 59%, and 60% in countries with low, medium, and high child mortality, respectively. Implementation of rotavirus vaccines has substantially decreased hospitalizations from rotavirus and all-cause AGE.
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Burnett et al. (2017) conducted a systematic review in Rotavirus and all-cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Rotavirus vaccination vs. Pre-vaccine introduction was evaluated on Hospitalizations and emergency department visits due to rotavirus and all-cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE) (38% median reduction in all-cause AGE hospitalizations; 67% median reduction in rotavirus AGE hospitalizations/ED visits). Rotavirus vaccination reduced all-cause acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations by a median of 38% and rotavirus-specific hospitalizations and emergency visits by 67% among children <5 years of age.
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