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July 30, 2026Psychology Health & Medicine

Sex differences in oral microbiome diversity and depression

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Authors

YWYan-Ping WuYFYue FangQWQin Wang

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Overview

Randomized trial investigates oral microbiome diversity and depression in adults, highlighting sex differences' impact.

Key Points

  • This study aims to explore the relationship between oral microbiome diversity and depression, specifically looking at how sex differences influence this association.
  • Data from the NHANES 2009-2012 cycles were analyzed, including 7509 individuals aged 18-69 years.
  • Oral microbiome was characterized through 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and measures of alpha diversity were calculated.
  • Weighted logistic regression models assessed the association between oral microbiome diversity and depression, using PHQ-9 scores for diagnosis.
  • Reduced Faith’s Phylogenetic Diversity was linked to higher depression risk (aOR=0.965, 95%CI=0.934–0.996).
  • In males, higher alpha diversity correlated with reduced depression risk (observed ASVs: aOR=0.930, 95%CI=0.895–0.968; Faith’s PD: aOR=0.907, 95%CI=0.861–0.955).
  • No similar correlation was observed in females, with some interactions noted between sex and alpha diversity metrics.

Cite This Study

Wu et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6af4e960e2b924d3ea0677https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2026.2710906
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Variations in the oral microbiome are associated with depression in young adults2021 · 107 citations
  2. 2The association of depression and oral microbiota2025 · 2 citations
  3. 3Reduced Gut Microbiome Alpha Diversity Associates with Depressive Symptom Severity and Somatic Symptom Burden in Major Depression2026
  4. 41111 Sleep Duration Moderates the Association Between the Oral Microbiome and Depressive Symptoms Among Emerging Adults in the United States2026
  5. 5Associations between oral microbiota pathogens and elevated depressive and anxiety symptoms in men2024 · 1 citations