Key result
Hyperglycaemia was associated with significantly higher E-selectin concentrations compared to normoglycaemia (median 139.8 vs 118.8 µg/L, p=0.0007), though E-selectin was not associated with CIMT.
Cross-Sectional (n=308)
No
Absolute Event Rate: 139.8% vs 118.8%
p-value: p=0.0007
E-selectin concentrations are associated with hyperglycaemia but do not correlate with carotid intima-media thickness, suggesting it is not a useful marker for subclinical atherosclerosis in this population.
E-selectin links to hyperglycaemia but not CIMT; leaves open its value as endothelial marker in this population.
Background E-selectin, an adhesion molecule, is a specific marker of endothelial dysfunction. High concentrations have been reported in type 2 diabetes and disorders with high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a surrogate marker of early atherosclerosis. We examined the relationship between E-selectin concentrations, CIMT and cardio-metabolic traits in normo- and hyperglycaemic mixed ancestry South Africans. Methods E-selectin concentrations were determined in 308 subjects from the Cape Town Bellville South Community-based study on a mixed ancestry population. Their correlation with CIMT and cardio-metabolic profile used robust correlations and linear regression models. Results E-selectin concentrations were significantly higher in the hyperglycaemic (median 139.8 µg/L) compared to the normoglycaemic group (median 118.8 µg/L), ( p = 0.0007). Significant differences between the two groups were found for markers of glycaemia and adiposity, but not for CIMT. Significant correlations were found between E-selectin and age, markers of glycaemia and inflammation, central obesity and lipid variables. Associations remained significant only with age, hyperglycaemia and C-reactive protein in robust linear regression models. In similar regressions models, age and gender were the main predictors of CIMT, which was not associated with E-selectin. Conclusions E-selectin concentrations in this study were associated with hyperglycaemia, possibly reflecting early endothelial damage. However, E-selectin was not useful to assess CIMT, a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, which appeared to be determined by ageing and male gender.
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Zemlin et al. (2016) conducted a cross-sectional in Normoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia (n=308). Hyperglycaemia vs. Normoglycaemia was evaluated on E-selectin concentrations (p=0.0007). Hyperglycaemia was associated with significantly higher E-selectin concentrations compared to normoglycaemia (median 139.8 vs 118.8 µg/L, p=0.0007), though E-selectin was not associated with CIMT.
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