Key result
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are associated with diverse cardiovascular adverse events, including myocarditis and pericarditis, which require prompt diagnosis and management with corticosteroids.
Why the study?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause cardiotoxicity whose actual incidence is likely underestimated due to heterogeneous clinical presentation.
Do immune checkpoint inhibitors cause cardiovascular adverse effects in patients with advanced-stage malignancies?
Do immune checkpoint inhibitors cause cardiovascular adverse effects in patients with advanced-stage malignancies?
This review highlights the diverse cardiovascular toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitors, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring and prompt management with immunosuppression.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have reshaped and have become a well-established treatment modality for multiple advanced-stage malignancies. ICIs block the immune system regulatory checkpoints, namely CTLA-4 and PD-1/PDL1, which provokes excess immune response against self-antigens. Immune modulation with ICIs can result in diverse immune-related adverse events targeting organ systems. Several cases of ICI-related cardiotoxicity were reported, while the actual incidence was likely underestimated due to heterogeneous clinical presentation. These include, but are not limited to, myocarditis, pericarditis, atherosclerosis, and arrhythmia. EKG, Troponin, Echocardiogram (TTE), and Cardiac MRI (CMRI) are indispensable diagnostic tools to aid in the management of cardiac adverse effects. Herein, we review the ICI-mediated cardiovascular adverse events, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and reintroduction of ICIs post-cardiotoxicity.
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Paluri et al. (2023) conducted a review in Malignancies treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors was evaluated. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are associated with diverse cardiovascular adverse events, including myocarditis and pericarditis, which require prompt diagnosis and management with corticosteroids.
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