Population
Cattle (seven experiments using six virus strains of foot-and-mouth disease)
Comparison
Intradermal inoculation of the tongue with… vs Subcutaneous, intracutaneous, intravenous, or…
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Intradermal tongue inoculation may enhance FMD vaccine non-infectivity testing sensitivity in cattle; leaves open validation across strains and species.
Intradermal tongue inoculation is the most sensitive route for producing foot-and-mouth disease infection in cattle, which has implications for testing vaccine non-infectivity.
W. M. Henderson (1952) studied this question.
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