Population
Male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with thiobutabarbitol sodium
Comparison
Stereotaxic microinjections of 5% lidocaine… vs Stereotaxic microinjections of 0.9% saline…
Design
Preclinical
Follow-up
30 minutes after 2 h of vagal stimulation
Authors
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Does not support insular interventions in patients; leaves open translation of parasympathetic baroreflex modulation to human autonomic disease.
The insular cortex modulates the cardiac baroreflex through modulation of parasympathetic output.
Saleh et al. (1998) studied this question.
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