Population Turnover on a Wisconsin Pheasant Refuge

The population occupied a winter range of 600 acres on the University of Wisconsin Arboretum. It was fed in winter, was unshot, and doubled in numbers during the study period. It sustained a trap mortality equivalent to light shooting. The study area includes 500 acres of marsh, 60 acres of oak-hickory timber, and 40 acres of old fields. The area has been ungrazed, unmowed, and unburned since 1932, and offers heavy winter cover. It serves as winter range for the pheasants of a larger adjoining