Noise minimization in RC‐active filters using generalized impedance converters

A procedure has been given for minimizing the total output noise of a Generalized Impedance Converter (GIC), subject to constraints dictated by signal handling capability of the Operational Amplifiers and ease of microcircuit fabrication. The noise reduction is achieved only by the adjustment of RC elements of the GIC, and the total output noise after optimization in the example cited is close to the theoretical lower limit. The output noise of a higher‐order filter can be reduced by RC‐optimizing the individual GIC's of the active realization. Experimental results on a 20–24 kHz channel bank band‐pass filter demonstrate the effectiveness of the above procedure.