Key result
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with increased odds of coronary artery calcification progression over time.
Why the study?
Coronary artery calcification progression strongly predicts cardiovascular events, but the association between NAFLD and the progression of CAC over time required assessment.
Does non-alcoholic fatty liver disease increase the progression of coronary artery calcification in adults?
Meta-Analysis (n=10,060)
Does non-alcoholic fatty liver disease increase the progression of coronary artery calcification in adults?
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased risk of coronary artery calcification progression, highlighting its role as a marker for advancing subclinical atherosclerosis.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
NAFLD warrants CV risk assessment in practice; reinforces metabolic-atherosclerosis links via Level 1 meta-analysis.
Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, which is estimated to affect 20-30% of the adult population in Europe.Several studies have shown an association of NAFLD with multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose tolerance.Atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease, which begins early in life and follows a long asymptomatic phase.Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is the radiological confirmation of the presence of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease.The predictive value of CAC for future cardiac events is well established.Also, the progression of CAC is strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular events.Aim: To assess the association of NAFLD with the progression of subclinical atherosclerotic activity, reflected as the dynamic changes in CAC score over time.Material and methods: The databases PubMed/Medline/Embase from inception until 31 December 2020 were searched for observational studies investigating NAFLD and CAC progression in adults.Results: In total, 5 studies were included, 4 of which, including 10,060 patients, provided data regarding the association of NAFLD with the progression of CAC.The analysis showed that NAFLD is associated with significant odds of progression of CAC; OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.34-1.68,p = 0.001.No publication bias was detected (Egger's test p = 0.6).Meta-regression analyses proved that OR toward CAC progression is not significantly influenced by the time of follow-up (coefficient = 0.0083, Z = 1.14, p = 0.25).
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Koulaouzidis et al. (2021) conducted a meta-analysis in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (n=10,060). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) vs. Participants without NAFLD was evaluated on Progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.34-1.68, p=0.001). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with increased odds of coronary artery calcification progression over time.
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