Effects on 24-hour blood pressure variability of ace-inhibition and calcium channel blockade as monotherapy or in combination

Figures

• 

  Figure 1. Study flowchart and CONSORT diagram.

• 

  Figure 2. BP levels and indices of short-term BP variability (SDW and ARV) over 24 hours in middle-age hypertensives (Study 1) as mean and standard error of the mean before (full symbols) and after (open symbols) each of four treatments (circle: L10; square: E 10; downward arrow: L20; upward arrow: E 20); the *and **indicate differences after vs. before treatment significant at 0.05 and 0.01 statistical levels. See text for abbreviations.

• 

  Figure 3. BP levels and indices of short-term BP variability over 24 hours (SDW and ARV) in elderly hypertensives (study 2) for each of four treatments (mean and standard error of the mean); the *and **indicate differences vs. placebo (P) significant at 0.05 and 0.01 statistical levels. See text for abbreviations.

• 

  Figure 4. BPTOT (lower panel) is a synthesized BP continuous signal obtained by summing a fast (BPF) and a slow (BPS) sinusoidal oscillation to a night/day modulation with square-wave shape (BPN/D). The dot symbols indicate simulated measures obtained with an ABPM device that samples the BP signals every 15 minutes; SDW is the weighted standard deviation of each sampled BP series.

• 

  Figure 5. Synthesized BP signals of Fig. 4 after differentiation; ARV is the average real variability of time series obtained by simulating the sampling of an ABPM device every 15 minutes.