Key result
ACE mutant D allele carriage was significantly more frequent in Saudi patients with hypertension compared to healthy controls (98.3% vs. 92.4%; OR 4.8, p=0.028).
Why the study?
Are ACE I/D and eNOS E298D gene polymorphisms associated with hypertension in Saudi subjects?
Case-Control (n=370)
Are ACE I/D and eNOS E298D gene polymorphisms associated with hypertension in Saudi subjects?
The ACE mutant D allele is significantly associated with hypertension in Saudi subjects, particularly when accompanied by obesity and diabetes.
Does not support ACE genotyping for hypertension management in Saudis; extends observational genetic associations but leaves causal and clinical utility open.
BACKGROUND: Hypertension has a multifactorial background based on genetic and environmental interactive factors. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to test for the association of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphisms with hypertension. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Participants included 120 Saudi patients with hypertension and 250 normal healthy controls. For all participants, DNA was processed for characterization of ACE I/D and eNOS E298D gene polymorphisms. RESULTS: Hypertensive cases showed a significantly higher frequency of the ACE mutant D allele carriage (98.3% vs. 92.4%, p = 0.028, OR = 4.8). Cases with hypertension associated with diabetes and obesity showed 100% mutant D allele carriage. Regarding the eNOS E298D polymorphism, the frequency of the mutant D allele carriage was only observed to be higher among cases with hypertension associated with diabetes and obesity, in comparison with controls, yet not reaching statistical significance (41.2% vs. 34%, p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is increased frequency of ACE and eNOS mutant allele carriage among Saudi patients affected with hypertension, particularly if accompanied by obesity and diabetes.
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Ali et al. (2012) conducted a case-control in Hypertension (n=370). ACE mutant D allele carriage vs. Normal healthy controls was evaluated on Hypertension (OR 4.8, p=0.028). ACE mutant D allele carriage was significantly more frequent in Saudi patients with hypertension compared to healthy controls (98.3% vs. 92.4%; OR 4.8, p=0.028).
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