Key result
The proposed FTPR-TWV algorithm for Doppler radar achieved a heart rate detection accuracy of up to 99.70% in 10-second time windows and 92.09% in 3-second time windows compared to ECG.
A novel Doppler radar-based heartbeat detection method combining FTPR and TWV achieved high accuracy for real-time heart rate monitoring in short time windows.
Novel Doppler radar method supports feasibility of non-contact HR detection; leaves open clinical validation before practice adoption.
Non-contact heartbeat detection using Doppler radar is extremely valuable for remotely monitoring and medical diagnosis on special occasions. Nevertheless, fast and accurate heart rate (HR) detection endures several challenges due to influential respiration interference and insufficient frequency spectrum resolution. In this paper, a novel heartbeat detection method with a compact Doppler radar is employed to accurately estimate some indicators of HR and heart rate variability. Firstly, a multiresolution analysis approach based on maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform is introduced to accomplish the preliminary separation of respiration and heartbeat. Subsequently, a template matched filter algorithm is further implemented to maximize the enhancement of the concealed heartbeat component and retrieve the heartbeat signal. Eventually, a novel spectrum estimation method combining frequency–time phase regression with time-window-variation technology is proposed to evaluate the real-time HR. It solves serious dominant frequency estimation deviation and insufficient frequency spectrum resolution in short-period time windows. The accuracy and timeliness of our proposed method are validated by 6 sets of experimental data sampled at the actual office. As a result, the HR detection accuracy is up to 99.70% in different-period time windows of 10 s and 92.09% in 3s. In addition, the mean relative error of extracted beat-to-beat intervals in 3 s ranges from 0.76 to 1.02%.
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Pan et al. (2022) studied Healthy subjects (vital signs detection) (n=2). FTPR-TWV algorithm with Doppler radar vs. Electrocardiography (ECG) was evaluated on Heart rate detection accuracy. The proposed FTPR-TWV algorithm for Doppler radar achieved a heart rate detection accuracy of up to 99.70% in 10-second time windows and 92.09% in 3-second time windows compared to ECG.
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