Population
570 patients aged ≥60 years with NYHA class ≥II from the TIME-CHF trial, including 458 with HFrEF and 112…
Design
Cohort
Follow-up
18 months
Authors
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May aid HF subtype phenotyping in research cohorts; leaves open whether panels alter clinical decisions or outcomes.
Biomarker profiles differ significantly between HFpEF and HFrEF, reflecting distinct pathophysiological pathway activation, though their prognostic value for clinical outcomes remains largely similar.
Wijk et al. (2015) studied this question.
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