Key result
3D MINFLUX microscopy using single-domain antibodies achieved ~3 nm precision in localizing individual RyR2 subunits in intact cells, revealing an effective subunit labeling efficiency of ~10%.
Why the study?
RyR2 mediates Ca2+ entry during cardiac activation and forms the basis of calcium-induced calcium release, making the molecular distribution of RyR2 in cardiac myocytes of great interest.
3D MINFLUX microscopy enables sub-molecular resolution imaging of RyR2 distribution and orientation in intact cells, providing new insights into the 3D organization of cardiac calcium handling proteins.
RyR2 distribution mapping may clarify local Ca2+ release; leaves open clinical translation in arrhythmia models.
The cardiac type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is a large homotetramer of a ∼560 kD subunit and is the molecular pathway through which the majority of Ca 2+ enters the cytosol during cardiac activation. It constitutes the molecular basis of the process of calcium-induced calcium release where activation of RyR2s can be locally regenerative giving rise to local release events termed Ca 2+ sparks. Accordingly, the molecular distribution of RyR2 in cardiac myocytes has been of great interest. Here we present the first purely optical data of RyR2 distribution with sub-molecular resolution by applying 3D MINFLUX fluorescence super-resolution microscopy. We demonstrate that by using single-domain antibodies (sdABs) against fluorescent protein domains in engineered RyR2 fluorescent protein fusions we can determine the location of individual RyR2 subunits with high precision (∼3 nm) in all directions. Combining MINFLUX with DNA-PAINT, to maximize detection efficiency, we measured in situ labeling efficiencies using NPC structures as reference and regularly achieved efficiencies around 50%, which would translate to RyR2 detection efficiencies close to 95%, i.e. the probability that at least one subunit is detected, if target accessibility is similar. Using this approach, we detect dense and extended RyR2 expression in HEK cells with some clusters spanning several micrometres in extent and containing several hundred RyR2s. Similarly, myocytes from PA-RFP RyR2 mice contained large clusters containing many tens of RyR2s. The new data also suggests a resolution to apparent discrepancies between previous data from electron microscopy and super-resolution data. The methodology developed here will be critical to reveal the full complexity of RyR2 and related Ca 2+ handling proteins in 3D as well as their relationship to contractile function. Our new approaches should be applicable to other multi-subunit complexes in cardiac muscle and other cell types.
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Clowsley et al. (2023) studied RyR2 distribution. 3D MINFLUX microscopy with single-domain antibodies was evaluated on RyR2 subunit localization and labeling efficiency. 3D MINFLUX microscopy using single-domain antibodies achieved ~3 nm precision in localizing individual RyR2 subunits in intact cells, revealing an effective subunit labeling efficiency of ~10%.
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