Triglyceride-Glucose Index as a Surrogate Marker of Insulin Resistance for Predicting Cardiovascular Outcomes in Nondiabetic Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Fig.1. Flowchart of the study population enrollment. NSTE-ACS, non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; TG, triglyceride; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; TyG, triglyceride-glucose.

Fig.2.Kaplan–Meier analysis for endpoint events according to the median of the TyG index. (A) Kaplan–Meier analysis for primary endpoint; (B) Kaplan–Meier analysis for all-cause death; (C) Kaplan–Meier analysis for cardiac death; (D) Kaplan–Meier analysis for nonfatal MI; (E) Kaplan–Meier analysis for nonfatal ischemic stroke; (F) Kaplan–Meier analysis for ischemia-driven revascularization. TyG, triglyceride-glucose; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; MI, myocardial infarction.

Supplemental Fig.1. Kaplan–Meier analysis for endpoint events according to the median of the TyG index and HDL-C. (A) Kaplan–Meier analysis for primary endpoint; (B) Kaplan–Meier analysis for all-cause death; (C) Kaplan–Meier analysis for cardiac death; (D) Kaplan–Meier analysis for nonfatal MI; (E) Kaplan–Meier analysis for nonfatal ischemic stroke; (F) Kaplan–Meier analysis for ischemia-driven revascularization. PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; MI, myocardial infarction; TyG, triglyceride-glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Fig.3. Restricted cubic spline curve for the risk of the primary endpoint according to the TyG index. The HR was examined by per 1-unit increase of the TyG index. The analysis was performed by adjusting for Model 4 (age, gender, BMI, smoking history, hypertension, dyslipidemia, previous history of MI, PCI, stroke and PAD, diagnosis, TC, HDL-C, eGFR, HbA1c, LVEF, LM disease, three-vessel disease, chronic total occlusion, diffuse lesion, in-stent restenosis, SYNTAX score, treatment of LM, LCX, RCA, DES implantation, DCB application, complete revascularization, and number of stents, DAPT at admission, statins at admission, and ACEI/ARB at discharge). TyG, triglyceride-glucose; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Fig.4. Stratified analysis for the impact of the TyG index on the risk of the primary endpoint. The HR was examined by per 1-unit increase of the TyG index. The analysis was performed by adjusting for Model 4 (age, gender, BMI, smoking history, hypertension, dyslipidemia, previous history of MI, PCI, stroke and PAD, diagnosis, TC, HDL-C, eGFR, HbA1c, LVEF, LM disease, three-vessel disease, chronic total occlusion, diffuse lesion, in-stent restenosis, SYNTAX score, treatment of LM, LCX, RCA, DES implantation, DCB application, complete revascularization, and number of stents, DAPT at admission, statins at admission, and ACEI/ARB at discharge). BMI, body mass index; UA, unstable angina; NSTEMI, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.