Why the study?
Gender-related differences in clinical characteristics and management of patients with chronic HFrEF have been described, but published data remain conflicting.
Do clinical characteristics and management differ between male and female patients with chronic HFrEF?
Do clinical characteristics and management differ between male and female patients with chronic HFrEF?
Despite equivalent medical management, women with HFrEF present with more symptoms, different comorbidities, and require more frequent hospitalizations than men.
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May indicate greater symptom burden in women with HFrEF; leaves open whether sex-specific strategies improve outcomes.
Kocabaş et al. (2020) studied this question.
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