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January 1, 1980Circulation ResearchOpen Access

Evidence and quantification of the vasopressin arterial pressure control system in the dog.

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Population

Dogs with spinal cord destruction below C-1 and bilateral nephrectomy, and a comparison group with entire…

Comparison

Rapid hemorrhage to lower arterial pressure… vs Dogs with entire central nervous system removed…

Design

Preclinical

Follow-up

30 minutes

Authors

ACAllen W. CowleyPreventive CardiologySSS. J. SwitzerMGMeredith M. GuinnUniversity of Mississippi

Discussion

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Implication

AVP mediates pressure recovery in this canine hemorrhage model; hypothesis-generating for human shock, requires clinical validation.

Key Points

  • To quantitatively evaluate the independent contribution of vasopressin release to the regulation and recovery of arterial pressure during acute hemorrhagic hypotension.
  • Lowered arterial pressure rapidly via hemorrhage from 106 ± 2 to 51 ± 1 mm Hg in 10 dogs with C-1 spinal cord destruction and bilateral nephrectomy to isolate vasopressin actions.
  • Compared pressure recovery against a control cohort subjected to total surgical central nervous system and pituitary gland ablation.
  • Administered the competitive vasopressin inhibitor dPVDAVP to test specificity and modeled the response using systems analysis.
  • In dogs lacking sympathetic and renin-angiotensin activity, arterial pressure increased from 51 mm Hg to 89 ± 3 mm Hg within 3 minutes (71% compensation), accompanied by a rise in plasma vasopressin from 19 ± 2 to 75 ± 10 µU/ml.
  • Arterial pressure compensation was only 10 ± 3% in dogs with total central nervous system ablation, and injection of dPVDAVP returned compensated pressure back down to 50 mm Hg.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Dogs with spinal cord destruction below C-1 and bilateral nephrectomy (n=10), and a comparison group with entire central nervous system removed.
I
Intervention
Rapid hemorrhage to lower arterial pressure, followed by observation and subsequent injection of competitive AVP inhibitor (dPVDAVP).
C
Comparator
Dogs with entire central nervous system (including pituitary gland) removed surgically, subjected to hemorrhage.
O
Outcome
Recovery of arterial pressure after rapid hemorrhagesurrogate

Vasopressin acts as a potent systemic vasoconstrictor that significantly contributes to the restoration of arterial pressure during hemorrhagic hypotension in dogs.

Cite This Study

Cowley et al. (1980) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8666972f38e7aabb2edf80https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.46.1.58
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The Role of Vasopressin in Blood Pressure Control and in Experimental Hypertension1978 · 26 citations
  2. 2Effects of carotid occlusion and left atrial distention on plasma vasopressin titer1965 · 66 citations
  3. 3Effects of angiotensin, vasopressin, and methoxamine on cardiac function and blood flow distribution in conscious dogs1976 · 241 citations
  4. 4Open‐Loop Analysis of the Renin‐Angiotensin System in the Dog1971 · 45 citations
  5. 5VASOPRESSIN IN BLOOD: EFFECT OF HEMORRHAGE11960 · 103 citations