Ideal Cardiovascular Health Status and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease or All-Cause Mortality in Chinese Middle-Aged Population

We estimated the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH), and its relationship with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in a Chinese population. A cross-sectional survey of CVD risk factors was conducted among Chinese participants aged 35 to 64 years in 2009 to 2010. In 2017, 8965 participants completed follow-up assessments in which CVD and all-cause mortality were collected; 8754 participants were eligible for analysis. The percentage of meeting all 7 ideal CVH metrics was 0.10%. During a median follow-up of 6.3 years, the incidence of CVD and all-cause mortality were 6.02% and 4.85% per 1000 person-year in participants with 0 to 1 ideal CVH metrics, 3.33% and 3.57% in those with 2 to 5, 0.40% and 0.79% in those with 6 to 7, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, the risk of CVD was significantly lower in participants with 2 to 5 (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.98) and 6 to 7 (HR: 0.12, 95%CI: 0.02-0.87) ideal CVH metrics compared to those with 0 to 1 ideal CVH metrics. The risk of all-cause mortality was decreased as ideal CVH metrics increased (HR: 0.78, 95%CI: 0.70-0.88). A greater number of ideal CVH metrics was associated with a lower risk of CVD and all-cause mortality, but the prevalence of all 7 ideal CVH metrics was low in a Chinese population.