Key result
The CEF-adapted Schwarz measles virus strain efficiently infected chicken embryonic fibroblasts compared to the Hallé strain, utilizing an alternative receptor to CD46 for viral entry.
Measles virus adaptation to chicken embryonic fibroblasts occurs at the viral entry level, utilizing an alternative receptor to human CD46.
Informs CEF-based measles vaccine optimization; leaves open human receptor and pathogenicity implications.
Measles virus (MV) has a tropism restricted to humans and primates and uses the human CD46 molecule as a cellular receptor. MV has been adapted to grow in chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEF) and gave rise to an attenuated live vaccine. Hallé and Schwarz MV strains were compared in their ability to infect both simian Vero cells and CEF. Whereas both strains infected Vero cells, only the CEF-adapted Schwarz strain was able to efficiently infect CEF. Since the expression of the human MV receptor CD46 rendered the chicken embryonic cell line TCF more permissive to the infection by the Hallé MV strain, the MV entry into CEF appeared to be a limiting step in the absence of prior MV adaptation. CEF lacked reactivity with anti-CD46 antibodies but were found to express another protein allowing MV binding as an alternative receptor to CD46.
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Escoffier et al. (1999) studied Measles virus infection. Schwarz MV strain vs. Hallé MV strain was evaluated on Ability to infect chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEF). The CEF-adapted Schwarz measles virus strain efficiently infected chicken embryonic fibroblasts compared to the Hallé strain, utilizing an alternative receptor to CD46 for viral entry.
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