Key result
Hypertension and renal failure were associated with significantly increased levels of serum potassium, creatinine, urea, and malondialdehyde, alongside hyponatremia and decreased antioxidant enzymes compared to healthy controls.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to establish biochemical parameters for the diagnosis and management of hypertension and renal failure.
Cross-Sectional (n=500)
Yes
Oxidative stress and electrolyte imbalances are significantly associated with hypertension and renal failure, suggesting a role in their pathogenesis and progression.
Oxidative stress markers may signal renal risk in hypertension; leaves open whether targeting them improves outcomes in larger trials.
Background: In both economically developing and non-developing countries, hypertension is a major public health issue. India has been reported to have lower hypertension prevalence rates. The blood pressure of city dwellers is higher than that of rural dwellers. India is a populous and typical developing country with a vast population. Renal failure is defined as the retention of nitrogenous waste products due to impairment of renal function. Acute renal failure and chronic renal failure are the two types of renal failure. Acute renal failure is described as kidney failure that occurs in a matter of days or weeks. Acute renal failure is most common in older persons and is linked with considerable mortality and morbidity, with death rates ranging from 25 to more than 70% among hospitalized patients. Aim: To establish the above biochemical parameters for diagnosis and management of hypertension and renal failure. Material and Method: The clinical materials for present study entitled “To Study the Biochemical Parameter in Hypertension and Renal Failure” comprised 52 male hypertensive patients. 39 female hypertensive patients, 50 male chronic renal failure patients, 43 female chronic renal failure patients, 42 male chronic renal failure with hypertension, 40 female chronic renal failure with hypertension, 36 male acute renal failure, 48 female acute renal failure were admitted in Hospital. Results: Results revealed that highly significant decreased level of protein (Total), creatinine, and P-MDA were observed respectively. Serum sodium was found to be significant. Significant increased potassium was observed. Highly significant level of glucose, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were observed respectively. Focus on acute renal failure patients were analyzed in both male and female. Highly significant decreased level of protein (Total), superoxide dismutase and P-MDA were observed respectively, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were observed respectively. Significant increased serum glucose was observed, and highly significant increased level of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were observed respectively. Conclusion: The study's key finding is that oxidative stress causes hypertension and can signal the onset of chronic renal failure. Oxidative stress in older people became more severe, especially if they had renal difficulties, especially in middle age.
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Yembarwar et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension and Renal Failure (n=500). Hypertension and Renal Failure vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Biochemical and oxidative stress parameters (electrolytes, renal function markers, antioxidant enzymes, and malondialdehyde). Hypertension and renal failure were associated with significantly increased levels of serum potassium, creatinine, urea, and malondialdehyde, alongside hyponatremia and decreased antioxidant enzymes compared to healthy controls.
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