Association of insertion/deletion polymorphism of Alu angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion genotype with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in JK population:A case control study

The objective of the study is to know the frequencies of insertion/deletion (I/D) allele and association of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), I/D polymorphism in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) populations in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN). A total of 500 individuals were recruited for the present study. Out of these 500 individuals, 250 individuals had T2DM and HTN and 250 were healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using allele specific oligonucleotide primers. The allele frequency for I allele and D allele was found to be 63% and 37% in patients with T2DM and HTN and 48% and 52% for healthy controls. Genotype frequency for homozygote insertion (II), heterozygote (ID) and homozygote deletion (DD) allele was in range of 99.23, 116.55 and 34.23 for patients with T2DM and HTN and 56.64, 124.71 and 68.64 for healthy controls. ID versus II+ID model for odds showed a significant association of ACE I/D polymorphism with T2DM and HTN. The I allele and ID genotype of ACE gene is associated with T2DM and HTN.