Key result
Obesity (5.0 m/s), hypertension (4.9 m/s), and combined obesity-hypertension (5.2 m/s) significantly increased pulse wave velocity compared to healthy children (4.3 m/s; P<.001).
Why the study?
Do obesity and hypertension increase pulse wave velocity in children?
Cross-Sectional (n=159)
Do obesity and hypertension increase pulse wave velocity in children?
Obesity and hypertension both significantly and independently increase arterial stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity, in children.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May warrant vascular monitoring in at-risk children; extends adult data to pediatrics but remains hypothesis-generating.
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a biomarker of arterial stiffness. Findings from prior studies are conflicting regarding the impact of obesity on PWV in children. The authors measured carotid-femoral PWV in 159 children aged 4 to 18 years, of whom 95 were healthy, 25 were obese, 15 had hypertension (HTN), and 24 were both obese and hypertensive. Mean PWV increased with age but did not differ by race or sex. In adjusted analyses in children 10 years and older (n=102), PWV was significantly higher in children with hypertension (PWV±standard deviation, 4.9±0.7 m/s), obesity (5.0±0.9 m/s), and combined obesity-hypertension (5.2±0.6 m/s) vs healthy children (4.3±0.7 m/s) (each group, P<.001 vs control). In our study, obesity and HTN both significantly and independently increased PWV, while African American children did not have a higher PWV than Caucasian children.
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Kulsum‐Mecci et al. (2016) conducted a cross-sectional in Obesity and Hypertension (n=159). Obesity and hypertension vs. Healthy children was evaluated on Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) (p=<.001). Obesity (5.0 m/s), hypertension (4.9 m/s), and combined obesity-hypertension (5.2 m/s) significantly increased pulse wave velocity compared to healthy children (4.3 m/s; P<.001).
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