Key result
Kawasaki disease onset in January versus July showed no significant differences in cardiac lesions or recurrence, although mean serum albumin was significantly lower in January (P<0.05).
Why the study?
Are there differences in the epidemiologic features of Kawasaki disease between winter and summer onset?
Observational (n=26,691)
Yes
Are there differences in the epidemiologic features of Kawasaki disease between winter and summer onset?
p-value: p=<0.05
The clinical epidemiology of Kawasaki disease is largely similar between winter and summer peaks in Japan, suggesting a consistent etiology across seasons despite minor variations in age distribution and serum albumin.
Similar KD epidemiology across seasons supports consistent etiology; leaves open albumin variations for prospective study.
BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) shows seasonal variations, although the etiology of KD is unknown. In this study, we compared the clinical epidemiology of KD onset in winter versus that in summer to identify its etiology, that is, infectious agents. METHODS: Epidemiologic features of KD were compared between two seasons with high incidence (January [winter] and July [summer]) using a dataset of the 22nd nationwide survey in Japan. Data on patients who visited hospital during 2011-2012 in Japan were analyzed after adjusting for age differences. Subgroup analysis was carried out for day of illness at the day of first hospital visit. RESULTS: The total number of KD patients reported in the survey was 26 691. The number of patients who visited hospital with KD for the first time in January and July was 2,812 and 2,302, respectively. The proportion of patients in the age group 15 months-3 years was 38.8% in January and 33.5% in July. Mean serum albumin was significantly lower in January than in July (at days 2-5 of illness, P < 0.05). There were no between-group differences with respect to treatment, incidence of cardiac lesions, recurrence, or history of KD among the patients' siblings and parents. CONCLUSION: No significant differences were observed between KD with onset in January and July, although minor differences with respect to age distribution and serum albumin were observed.
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Ozeki et al. (2017) conducted an observational in Kawasaki disease (n=26,691). Winter onset (January) vs. Summer onset (July) was evaluated on Clinical and epidemiologic features including cardiac lesions, recurrence, and serum albumin (p=<0.05). Kawasaki disease onset in January versus July showed no significant differences in cardiac lesions or recurrence, although mean serum albumin was significantly lower in January (P<0.05).
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