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March 22, 2021Journal of Food and Nutrition ResearchOpen Access

Supplementation of Non-Fermented and Fermented Red Ginseng Improves Obese Phenotypes, Lipid and Inflammatory Profiles, and Antioxidant Defense System in High Fat-Fed Rats

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Key result

Supplementation with red ginseng and fermented red ginseng significantly reduced body weight gain, visceral adiposity, and improved lipid and inflammatory profiles in high-fat-fed rats.

Why the study?

Obesity carries risk for metabolic complications, prompting investigation into whether red ginseng and fermented red ginseng could protect against high-fat diet-induced metabolic disturbances in rats.

Does red ginseng and fermented red ginseng supplementation improve obese phenotypes, lipid profiles, inflammation, and antioxidant defense in high-fat diet-fed rats?

Population

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8/group, 6 weeks old)

Comparison

HF diet with RG vs HF with FRG vs unsupplemented HF diet vs LF diet

Design

Animal experimental study counterbalanced by initial weight

Follow-up

6 weeks

Authors

SJSoyeon JeongMPMisun ParkMKMinji Kang

Discussion

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Member takes

Overview

Should not change clinical practice; hypothesis-generating for red ginseng in diet-induced metabolic disease.

Structured PICO

Does red ginseng and fermented red ginseng supplementation improve obese phenotypes, lipid profiles, inflammation, and antioxidant defense in high-fat diet-fed rats?

P
Population
32 male Sprague-Dawley rats, 6 weeks old, fed a high-fat diet to induce obesity and followed for 6 weeks.
I
Intervention
Red ginseng (RG) or fermented red ginseng (FRG) supplemented at 1% (w/w) in a high-fat diet for 6 weeks.
C
Comparator
Low-fat (10% kcal as fat) diet and unsupplemented high-fat (45% kcal as fat) diet.
O
Outcome
Obese phenotypes (body weight, energy intake, visceral adiposity), lipid profiles (serum triglycerides, hepatic SREBP1c), inflammatory profiles (IL-6, TNFα), and oxidative states (CAT, GPX, GSR, SOD1).surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=<0.05

Red ginseng and fermented red ginseng supplementation effectively protects against high-fat diet-induced metabolic disturbances, including obesity, dyslipidemia, and inflammation, in a rat model.

Limitations

  • Failed to find remarkable differences in the degree of pharmacological and metabolic benefits between non-fermented and fermented red ginseng.
  • Lack of molecular or cellular level studies to identify potential differences between RG and FRG.
  • Lack of metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiota to confirm triggering factors.
  • Lack of metabolomics to demonstrate metabolite changes derived from the fermentation process.

Cite This Study

Jeong et al. (2021) studied Diet-induced obesity (n=32). Red ginseng (RG) and fermented red ginseng (FRG) vs. High-fat diet without supplementation was evaluated on Body weight gain and visceral adiposity (p=<0.05). Supplementation with red ginseng and fermented red ginseng significantly reduced body weight gain, visceral adiposity, and improved lipid and inflammatory profiles in high-fat-fed rats.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a94c6c591e044666ef2eb8bhttps://doi.org/10.12691/jfnr-9-3-8
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Also Consider

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  1. 1Fermented Red Ginseng Potentiates Improvement of Metabolic Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome Rat Models2016 · 36 citations
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  3. 3Insulin sensitivity improvement of fermented Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng) mediated by insulin resistance hallmarks in old-aged ob/ob mice2015 · 51 citations
  4. 4Red Ginseng Extract Intake and Changes in Metabolite Profiles, Gut Microbiota, and Immune Responses of Healthy Rats2026
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