Dual antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting

INTRODUCTION: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor represents the mainstay of pharmacotherapy in patients undergoing coronary stenting. Currently, three P2Y12 receptor inhibitors are approved for clinical use, including clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor, with the latter two being preferred in patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome. The introduction into clinical practice of newer-generation drug-eluting stent (DES) with safer profiles (i.e. less stent thrombosis) compared with earlier platforms have led recent guideline updates to re-evaluate the optimal duration of DAPT therapy, which are now based on evidence of a multitude of randomized clinical trials, registries, and meta-analysis and take into consideration the ischemic and bleeding risk profile of the patients. AREAS COVERED: Most recent updates on DAPT duration from professional societies in the United States and Europe are discussed. Moreover, an assessment of clinical trials, registries, and meta-analysis leading to changes on practice guidelines analyzed. EXPERT OPINION: The widespread introduction into clinical practice of newer-generation DES allows for shortening DAPT duration as also endorsed by practice guidelines. However, the optimal duration of DAPT therapy varies according to the individuals' risk of ischemic and bleeding complications, with longer or shorter durations of treatment, respectively, that may be considered.