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September 2, 2026Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety

Ethylene Oxide and 2‐Chloroethanol in Foods: Hazards, Detection Markers, and Regulatory Perspectives

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Authors

HCHyeonseo ChoiYAYujin AhnYPYooheon Park

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Overview

Review reveals critical gaps between chemical hazards and marker detection for ethylene oxide in foods, highlighting the urgent need for international regulatory alignment.

Key Points

  • To examine ethylene oxide and 2-chloroethanol residues in foods by evaluating toxicological hazards, analytical marker validity, and international regulatory discrepancies.
  • Reviewed chemical reactivity, toxicological risks, and transformation products of ethylene oxide in food systems.
  • Evaluated analytical detection methods, matrix-dependent behavior, and source attribution challenges across simple and composite food matrices.
  • Analyzed divergent international food control policies and regulatory standards.
  • Ethylene oxide represents a defined toxicological hazard, whereas 2-chloroethanol functions primarily as an imperfect policy marker whose presence depends on food matrix chemistry and processing history.
  • Processed and composite food matrices degrade the accuracy of analytical source attribution, compounding regulatory misalignment across international borders.

Cite This Study

Choi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a97e2d9c562ede874ec73f8https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70635
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Scientific Evidence Challenges the EU Residue Definition Established for the Control of Ethylene Oxide in Food2026
  2. 2Depletion of four nitrofuran antibiotics and their tissue-bound metabolites in porcine tissues and determination using LC-MS/MS and HPLC-UV2005 · 139 citations
  3. 3Ethylene oxide and its persistent reaction products in wheat flour and other commodities: Residues from fumigation or sterilisation, and effects of processing1971 · 35 citations
  4. 4Confirmation of the full conversion of ethylene oxide to 2-chloroethanol in fumigated foodstuffs: possible implications for risk assessment2022 · 11 citations
  5. 5A Fast Method for Determination of Ethylene Oxide Using Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry GC-MS/MS2023 · 11 citations