Key result
Oral fluid testing successfully detected swine vesicular disease virus genome via RRT-PCR from 1 to 21 days post-infection and specific antibodies via ELISA starting at 6 days post-infection.
Why the study?
Can swine oral fluid be used to detect virus and antibodies in pigs infected with swine vesicular disease virus?
Can swine oral fluid be used to detect virus and antibodies in pigs infected with swine vesicular disease virus?
Swine oral fluid can be effectively used for surveillance of swine vesicular disease virus by detecting both the virus and specific antibodies.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May support oral fluid-based SVDV surveillance in swine; leaves open field validation for foreign animal disease response.
The use of swine oral fluid (OF) for the detection of nucleic acids and antibodies is gaining significant popularity. Assays have been developed for this purpose for endemic and foreign animal diseases of swine. Here, we report the use of OF for the detection of virus and antibodies in pigs experimentally infected with swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV), a virus that causes a disease clinically indistinguishable from the economically devastating foot-and-mouth disease. Viral genome was detected in OF by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) from 1 day post-infection (DPI) to 21 DPI. Virus isolation from OF was also successful at 1-5 DPI. An adapted competitive ELISA based on the monoclonal antibodies 5B7 detected antibodies to SVDV in OF starting at DPI 6. Additionally, using isotype-specific indirect ELISAs, SVDV-specific IgM and IgA were evaluated in OF. IgM response started at DPI 6, peaking at DPI 7 or 14 and declining sharply at DPI 21, while IgA response started at DPI 7, peaked at DPI 14 and remained high until the end of the experiment. These results confirm the potential use of OF for SVD surveillance using both established and partially validated assays in this study.
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Senthilkumaran et al. (2016) studied Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) infection. Oral fluid testing was evaluated on Detection of viral genome and antibodies in oral fluid. Oral fluid testing successfully detected swine vesicular disease virus genome via RRT-PCR from 1 to 21 days post-infection and specific antibodies via ELISA starting at 6 days post-infection.
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