Key result
Local release of ATP from bovine aorta endothelial cells induced by Caged IP3 triggered a Ca2+ wave that spread downstream under shear flow, suggesting the paracrine pathway is dominant.
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In cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells, the paracrine pathway is the dominant mechanism for intercellular Ca2+ wave propagation under both flow and no-flow conditions.
A phenomenon has been observed in which intracellular Ca2+ concentration in endothelial cells increases upon application of shear stress (Ca2+ response). It is therefore assumed that Ca2+ is the second messenger in the transfer of shear stress stimulation into cells. The Ca2+ response is also known to spread to surrounding cells (Ca2+ wave). We investigated the effects on Ca2+ wave among cultured bovine aorta endothelial cells (BAECs) upon inhibiting the main intercellular signaling pathways, such as gap junction and paracrine pathways by inducing Ca2+ wave using D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, P4(5)-(1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethyl) ester trisodium salt (Caged IP3) due to an intracellular IP3 elevation. In addition, we investigated the Ca2+ wave among BAECs under shear stress loading. Using Caged IP3, local release of ATP from BAEC induced Ca2+ wave. The Ca2+ wave was inhibited by the inhibitors of paracrine pathways. Furthermore, the Ca2+ response spread in the direction of the downstream under shear flow. These results suggest that paracrine pathway is dominant in both of flow and no flow conditions.
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KUDO et al. (2011) studied this question. Shear stress flow and Caged IP3 photoliberation vs. No flow condition was evaluated on Intercellular Ca2+ wave propagation. Local release of ATP from bovine aorta endothelial cells induced by Caged IP3 triggered a Ca2+ wave that spread downstream under shear flow, suggesting the paracrine pathway is dominant.
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