Key result
Cardio-specific miRNAs rise earlier than traditional cardiac biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction.
Why the study?
Common cardiac biomarkers for ACS have limitations such as delayed elevation and elevation in chronic kidney disease, prompting evaluation of stable cardio-specific miRNAs.
Can cardio-specific miRNAs serve as effective diagnostic biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome compared to standard cardiac biomarkers?
Systematic Review (n=3,560)
Can cardio-specific miRNAs serve as effective diagnostic biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome compared to standard cardiac biomarkers?
Cardio-specific miRNAs such as miR-1, miR-133a/b, miR-208a/b, and miR-499a are promising early biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome, potentially overcoming limitations of standard troponins.
May enable earlier AMI diagnosis than troponin; extends systematic evidence for miRNA biomarkers but requires prospective validation before clinical adoption.
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an acute and severe manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD); thus, timely diagnosis can save a life. Commonly, cardiac troponin T (CTnT), cardiac troponin I (CTnI) or creatine kinase muscle/brain subtype (CK-MB) have been used as cardiac biomarkers to assess ACS with certain limitations, such as increased time to rise for diagnosis and increased levels in the patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) have become potential candidates as biomarkers for cardiac ischemia due to their remarkable stability and reproducibility. Certain miRNAs, for instance, miR-1, miR-133a/b, miR-208a/b, and miR-499a, strongly increase in the serum or plasma of patients with acute cardiac ischemia, making them as cardio-specific miRNAs and prospective biomarkers in ACS. This literature review gives enlightenment about the regulation of cardio-specific miRNA in acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) and correlation with common cardiac biomarkers and time at which they increase in the blood.
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Mushtaque et al. (2019) conducted a systematic review in Acute Coronary Syndrome (n=3,560). Cardio-specific microRNAs (miR-1, miR-133, miR-208, miR-499) vs. Healthy controls or non-AMI patients was evaluated on Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction / Acute Coronary Syndrome. Cardio-specific microRNAs, including miR-1, miR-133, miR-208, and miR-499, are significantly up-regulated in patients with acute myocardial infarction and often rise earlier than traditional cardiac biomarkers.
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