Key result
Circulating miRNAs show promise for early AMI diagnosis but lack clear superiority over established markers.
Why the study?
Current biomarkers for AMI diagnosis such as troponins and CK-MB have limitations including delayed release and lack of specificity, necessitating new early and reliable biomarkers.
May support miRNA biomarker research in AMI; leaves open clinical adoption pending validation.
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a major cause of death in the US. An early and reliable diagnosis may warrant immediate initiation of reperfusion therapy to potentially improve the survival rate among the AMI patients. Currently, cardiac troponins (i.e. cTnT and cTnI) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) are widely used for AMI diagnosis. However, elevation of these biomarkers is also observed in human patients with myocarditis, aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism, congestive heart failure and renal failure. Furthermore, measurable amounts of troponin proteins are usually not released from damaged myocardium before 4 to 8 h after onset of symptoms, making an early biomarker-based diagnosis of AMI rather difficult. Therefore, new biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity in early diagnosis of AMI are greatly needed.
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Zhu et al. (2013) conducted a review in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circulating miRNAs and miRNA-carriers vs. Healthy controls or patients with non-AMI cardiovascular diseases was evaluated. Circulating miRNAs and miRNA-carriers show promise as valuable biomarkers for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, though their superiority to established markers remains unclear.
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