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July 30, 2026Virologica SinicaOpen Access

A replication-defective tick-borne encephalitis virus generated by NS1 trans-complementation confers robust protective efficacy

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Authors

JZJi ZhangQZQiu-Yan ZhangZZZhe-Rui Zhang

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Overview

Preclinical study demonstrates complete protection against lethal tick-borne encephalitis virus in mice via a replication-defective vaccine, highlighting a safe trans-complementation platform.

Key Points

  • Develop and assess the safety and protective efficacy of a replication-defective tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV-ΔNS1) vaccine engineered using an NS1 trans-complementation platform.
  • Engineered TBEV-ΔNS1 using BHK-21 cells expressing Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus NS1 and confirmed the stability of the deletion across continuous passages.
  • Administered high doses of TBEV-ΔNS1 to ICR mice to evaluate clinical safety, antibody titers, and CD8+ T-cell responses.
  • Challenged immunized and non-immunized ICR mice with lethal wild-type TBEV to evaluate survival, body weight changes, and viremia.
  • TBEV-ΔNS1 retained its replication-defective profile with no detectable infectious progeny in naive BHK-21 cells and induced no clinical symptoms in high-dose-treated ICR mice.
  • Single-dose immunization yielded 100% survival following lethal wild-type TBEV challenge, in contrast to 100% mortality, severe weight loss, and viremia in unimmunized controls.
  • Vaccination elicited robust protective immunity marked by high levels of TBEV-specific IgG, potent neutralizing antibodies, and IFN-γ-secreting CD8+ T cells.

Cite This Study

Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa95af05ae2af68518fce92https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2026.07.010
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Also Consider

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  1. 1Development of an mRNA Vaccine for Tick-Borne Encephalitis: Selection of a Prototype Virus Strain2026
  2. 2Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine breakthrough infections induce aberrant T cell and antibody responses to non-structural proteins2024 · 9 citations
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